Pleasant Creek History

Introduction

Just south of Pleasant Creek, tucked along the Waterpocket Fold and cradled in a backdrop of brilliant red rock, rests the skeletal remains of Sleeping Rainbow Ranch. Once a bustling landscape complete with livestock, lodgings, and even outdoor excursions, Sleeping Rainbow Ranch is now mere memories of what has been. The remaining unimproved trails and crumbling fences on site today provide meager clues of the grandeur that once was. But what if there was a way to turn back time, to press beyond the limits of our imaginations and see Sleeping Rainbow Ranch in its glory once again? Thanks to fascinating advancements in technology, that very thing may well be possible. Come rediscover the alluring beauty and rich history of Sleeping Rainbow Ranch and uncover her story piece by piece.

Location

Today, the remnants of Sleeping Rainbow Ranch lay peacefully in the beautiful region south of Pleasant Creek. A secret basin parallel to the Waterpocket Fold and hidden among striking cliffs and red rock structures, the area surrounding the ranch is one of Capitol Reef's many hidden gems. To visit the valley where the ranch resides is to take the road less traveled. While paths on the way are marked and recognizable, they are rocky and unpaved, retaining a quality of being captured in another place and time. Today, in a state of dilapidation, Sleeping Rainbow Ranch presents itself as a chapter in the long history of the Capitol Reef landscape.

Lurt and Alice

When Lurt Knee left his childhood town of Van Eyues for Monument Valley in Capitol Reef, he already had big dreams. All he needed was to find the ideal location to fulfill them. Perhaps Lurt was lucky when his car broke down beside a quiet ranch just south of Pleasant Creek in 1938. Immediately, Lurt knew he had discovered the perfect place. He had found his home.

For over thirty years, Lurt and his first wife Margaret, and later his wife Alice operated a guest ranch beside Pleasant Creek along the Waterpocket Fold. Sleeping Rainbow Ranch was a place of solace for tourists and adventurers alike and was particularly popular among artists and poets. From providing lodging to offering jeep tours and horseback rides, Lurt and Alice Knee dedicated their lives to sharing the natural wonder of the Utah desert with those hoping to connect to it. After the guest ranch closed in 1974, the couple willingly sold the property to the National Park Service. Lurt and Alice were able to grow old together in the serene area they had come to recognize as home.

Waterpocket Fold

The road through the heart of Capitol Reef is hidden from the rest of the world. On either side are massive walls of red rock and sandstone as it winds through rugged landscape. From here, Capitol Reef's defining feature is visible: a geographical phenomenon unique to this region called the Waterpocket Fold. Almost 100 miles long, the Waterpocket Fold is a wrinkle in the earth's crust. Between 50 to 70 million years ago, the Waterpocket Fold formed when a fault line below it shifted, causing overlying rock layers to fold across it. This overlap resulted in a steep monocline (a step-like fold in rock layers) almost 7000 feet higher on the west side than the east. The earth’s shifting crust and later erosion has exposed layers of rock that today act as a visual feature of our planet's topography you can only experience at Capitol Reef.

Timeline Intro

The area surrounding Pleasant Creek and Sleeping Rainbow Ranch has a rich and extensive history. In 500 CE the Fremont Culture is the first ancient civilization that is known to have settled along the Waterpocket Fold rather than migrate with the seasons. Fremont is the name given to this culture because we do not know what this ancient group called themselves. Historians hypothesize that they were the most powerful group of people in ancient Utah at the time. Later, the Paiute tribe lived in the area from around 1600-1800 and are the first historically recognizable group in the area since the Fremont people. The time gap between these two groups may be due to a major drought that afflicted the area, forcing inhabitants to move elsewhere. As the Paiutes settled, additional tribes moved in and around the region including Ute, Hopi, Navajo, and Zuni. However, the Paiute tribe were the most consistent residents over the years, leaving behind a good deal of evidence such as petroglyphs and artifacts.

1882-1937

Ephraim Knowlton Hanks is called on behalf of the president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints to settle colonies in southern Utah. It was Ephraim’s family who initially built a small ranch near Pleasant Creek. During this time, they build a five-bedroom home, plant crops, and grow an abundance of fruit trees in the area. The spring fruit tree blossoms give inspiration for the name of the settlement: Floral Ranch. Floral Ranch remains in the family until 1916 and is passed through ownership over the next few decades. Learn more about Thisbe Hanks (and many other women) in Women of Capitol Reef.

1938-1940

Lurt Knee and his first wife Margaret (who later leaves him) decide to purchase the land with the intent of beginning a guest ranch after their car breaks down on the property. By 1940, Lurt is able to build a series of new structures northeast of the original Hank House and convert the property into a day-tour operation. It is at this point that the ranch officially obtains its new name, Sleeping Rainbow Ranch. According to Lurt Knee in a 1992 interview, when he first built the ranch and realized it was adjacent to a national monument, his goal was to help make it into a national park.

1940-1968

The ranch operates as a commercial tourist operation. The Great Depression greatly affects tourism, but the industry recovers after 1945, during the time that Sleeping Rainbow Ranch comes into fruition. The ranch begins to offer jeep tours, horseback rides along trails, and overnight lodging. While operating the ranch, Lurt marries Alice, his second and final wife.

1969-1975

Capitol Reef National Monument expands, including 300 acres of Lurt and Alice’s property. By now, the Knees have built an irrigation canal, a spring and pump water system, and telephone lines. Additionally, the guest ranch has expanded to 15 outbuildings, pastures, and corrals. Lurt and Alice continue to run the ranch together until deciding to close the operation in 1974. The Knees spend the rest of their lives on the property, and Alice is considered its last resident after Lurt passes away in 1995. After Lurt’s passing, Alice quit-claims her rights to the property and the NPS assumes ownership.

2000-Today

In March of 2000, NPS and Utah Valley State College (now Utah Valley University) enter an agreement allowing UVU to operate the Capitol Reef Field Station on the former Sleeping Rainbow Ranch site. Every season, students from all areas of academia come here to learn, study, and benefit from all that this beautiful land continues to offer today.